Your ideal distance from the ball in influenced by many things; most notably the club (assuming you have clubs long/short enough to allow you to have good posture, proper waist/knee bend, etc).
That said, there are a few variables to keep in mind. When you are swinging down to the ball, the arms are straightening out. Also, your left shoulder is rotating UP and BACK behind you. Thus, for some golfers, these two things cancel each other out and whereever they place the ball on the ground and stand next to it is OK.
However, for many other players, some adjustment is needed and this can probably only be done with some trial and error. For example, if you are hitting shots off the heel your arms might be straightening out more than how much your left shoulder is rotating up and back behind you. The solution, move back a touch.
The opposite could also happen. If you are hitting some off the toe. It's possible your arms are still straigtening out, but maybe your shoulder isn't moving back far enough and the result is hit off the toe. The solution, try moving in a bit.
Look at any good player at impact and notice how the arms are straightER than they were at address and that their hips and shoulders are OPEN.